White-Eyed Vireo (Vireo griseus)


Group	Vireos
Code	ABPBW01020
Order	Passeriformes
Family	Vireonidae
Author	(Boddaert, 1783)
Rank	G5 (definitions)
Occurrence	SM (definitions)
Scale	C (definitions)

County List:


Western UP	none
Eastern UP	none
Northern LP	Mason
Southern LP	Jackson, Hillsdale, Cass, Calhoun, Branch, Berrien, Allegan, Livingston, Kalamazoo, Barry, Lenawee, Macomb, Monroe, Oakland, St. Clair, St. Joseph, Wayne, Washtenaw, Kent

Rule:

Mixed Forested/Nonforested or Nonforested Landscapes

      (Swamp Hardwoods (Regen or Sap))
      or (Bottomland Hardwoods (Regen or Sap))
      or Lowland Brush
   adjacent to:
      (Edge or Riparian)

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Habitat List:

Habitats	Regen	Sap	Pole	Sm Saw	Lg Saw	Uneven
Aspen	no	no	no	no	no	-
Paper Birch	no	no	no	no	no	-
Oak	no	no	no	no	no	no
Assorted Hardwoods	no	no	no	no	no	no
Northern Hardwoods	no	no	no	no	no	no
Spruce/Fir	no	no	no	no	no	no
Hemlock	no	no	no	no	no	no
Jack Pine	no	no	no	no	no	no
Red Pine	no	no	no	no	no	no
White Pine	no	no	no	no	no	no
Conifer Plantations	no	no	no	no	no	-
Mixed Upland Hardwoods	no	no	no	no	no	no
Mixed Northern Hardwoods	no	no	no	no	no	no
Mixed Upland Conifer	no	no	no	no	no	no
Mixed Pine	no	no	no	no	no	no
Swamp Hardwoods	YES	YES	no	no	no	no
Balsam Poplar & Swamp Aspen & Swamp Birch	no	no	no	no	no	no
Bottomland Hardwoods	YES	YES	no	no	no	no
Tamarack	no	no	no	no	no	no
Northern White Cedar	no	no	no	no	no	no
Black Spruce	no	no	no	no	no	no
Mixed Lowland Hardwoods	no	no	no	no	no	no
Mixed Lowland Conifer	no	no	no	no	no	no
Non-Forested	Lowland Brush
Special Features	Edges, Riparian

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Literature:

Reinoehl, J. 1991. Common Loon. Pages 372-373 In: R. Brewer, G. A. McPeek, and R. J. Adams, Jr. (eds.) The atlas of breeding birds of Michigan. Michigan State University Press, East Lansing. 594 pp.

Habitat: The White-eyed Vireo is essentially a bird of thickets and dense growth, perhaps with emergent trees. In Michigan, such habitat is used in two situations: young regenerating clearcuts in damp areas and brush along streams and ponds. Although the Yellow-breasted Chat occurs in some of the same areas, it tends to occupy drier, more upland sites. The White-eyed Vireo nest is a bulky structure hidden 1 to 2 m high in a thicket.

DeGraaf, R. M. and D. D. Rudis. 1986. New England wildlife: habitat, natural history, and distribution. GTR NE-108. Broomall, PA:USDA, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 491 pp.

Habitat: Breeding: Dense shrubby lowlands, briar patches, deciduous forest undergrowth and forest edges, hedgerows, old fields, low swampy areas. Less often on drier hillsides and along rural roads.

Special Habitat Requirements: Low shrubby vegetation that provides foraging and nesting substrates.

Kaufman, K. 1996. Lives of North American Birds. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts. 675 pp.

Habitat: Wood edges, brush, brambles, undergrowth. Breeds in various kinds of dense low growth, including brier tangles on low swampy ground, shrubby thickets of maple, wild plum, willow, and other saplings in overgrown pastures, and scrub in open woods and forest edges.

Diet: Insects and berries. In the breeding season, they take almost entirely insects, and nearly one-third of diet then may be caterpillars, moths, and butterflies. Diet also includes true bugs, scale insects, many kinds of beetles, ants, wasps, bees, grasshoppers; also spiders, snails, and occasionally small lizards. During migration and in winter, also eats berries and small fruits.

Nest: Placed low (within 25 feet of ground, usually much lower) in shrub or sapling. Nest is supported by the rim woven onto a horizontal forked twig. Both parents help build nest, a deep hanging cup of twigs, roots, shreds of bark, grass stems, leaves, plant down, lichen, moss, sometimes fragments of wasp nests. Nest is bound with spider webs, lined with fine grass and fibers. Nests are commonly parasitized by cowbirds.